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Abstract image on Aphid page
Abstract image on Aphid page

 

Acyrthosiphon pisum, pea aphid

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cellular organisms - Eukaryota - Fungi/Metazoa group - Metazoa - Eumetazoa - Bilateria - Coelomata - Protostomia - Panarthropoda - Arthropoda - Mandibulata - Pancrustacea - Hexapoda - Insecta - Dicondylia - Pterygota - Neoptera - Paraneoptera - Hemiptera - Sternorrhyncha - Aphidiformes - Aphidomorpha - Aphidoidea - Aphididae - Aphidinae - Macrosiphini - Acyrthosiphon - Acyrthosiphon pisum

Brief facts

Aphid life cycle

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Developmental stage (life cycle)

Life Cycle Stages

The life cycle of the pea aphid begins at spring and continues up to the moment when the insects start laying eggs for overwintering. In warm climates adult insects can continue feeding and parthenogenetic reproduction even in winter months.

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Development the sexually-produced pea aphid embryo

Shingleton AW, Sisk GC, Stern DL. Diapause in the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) is a slowing but not a cessation of development. BMC Dev Biol. 2003; 3: 7. (PMID: 12908880)

Copyright © 2003 Shingleton et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL.

Aphid embryonic development

Development the sexually-produced pea aphid embryo, under 'winter-like' conditions. (A) At day 15 the antennae (an), mandibles (not visible in this image), maxillae (mx), labium (lb), and thoracic limbs (t1–t3) are visible, as are the germ cells (gc) and bacteriocyte (b). (B) By day 21 the embryo has straightened with considerable growth of the appendages. (C) Nuclear staining of anti-Histone H3, which can be seen as brown spots (arrowhead) on the embryo, reveals cell division at day 21. (D) At day 35 the legs but not the body are longer than at day 21. (E) Cell division is also evident at day 35 with anti-Histone H3 staining (arrowhead). (F) At day 48 dividing cells stained with anti-Histone H3 are again observed (arrowhead). At this stage the embryo is lying in the centre of the egg. (G) At day 63 the embryo begins katatrepsis and has moved to the posterior of the egg, with the amnion (am) in contact with the serosa (s). (H) At day 70 the embryo is curled at the posterior of the egg. The amnion and serosa have fused into a single membrane, here called the amnioserosa. (I) At day 77 the embryo has completed katatrepsis and has a cap of putative aminioserosa at its anterior end. (J) At a slightly later stage another embryo has a reduced "amnioserosal cap". (K) At day 84 dorsal closure has been completed and the embryo has deposited an embryonic cuticle, complete with egg burster (eb). All scale bars are 100 μm long. Embryos are orientated as they would be in the egg, with the anterior of the egg to the left.

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Autumn Tree Colors as Warning Signals to Aphids?

Chittka L, Döring TF. Are autumn foliage colors red signals to aphids? PLoS Biol. 2007 Aug;5(8):e187. (PMID: 17696643)

Aphid color perception

At the beginning at this decade our view that the beauty of autumn leaves is only a by-product of physiological processes inside the doomed leaves were challenged. According to the new hypothesis, trees with particularly strong coloration send an honest signal to aphids, informing them of the strength of anti-herbivore defenses of these trees. But to appropriately predict the responses of aphids to colors requires us not only to examine the physiology of their eyes (inset lower right: scanning electron micrograph of the eye of the black bean aphid Aphis fabae, courtesy of J. Hardie) but also their behavioral responses to colors under controlled laboratory conditions (inset, upper left: the foxglove aphid Aulacorthum solani probing a yellow artificial target; photo by S. Kirchner).

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References

Websites

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