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Bacterial pathogens

Orders

  • Bacillales: B. anthracis, B. cereus, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes
  • Lactobacillales: S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes
  • Clostridiales: C. botulinum, C. difficile, C. perfringens, C. tetani
  • Spirochaetales: Borrelia burgdorferi, Treponema pallidum
  • Chlamydiales: Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydophila psittaci
  • Actinomycetales: C. diphtheriae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium
  • Rickettsiales: R. prowazekii, R. rickettsii, R. typhi, A. phagocytophilum, E. chaffeensis
  • Rhizobiales: Brucella melitensis
  • Burkholderiales: Bordetella pertussis, Burkholderia mallei, B. pseudomallei
  • Neisseriales: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis
  • Campylobacterales: Campylobacter jejuni, Helicobacter pylori
  • Legionellales: Legionella pneumophila
  • Pseudomonadales: A. baumannii, Moraxella catarrhalis, P. aeruginosa
  • Aeromonadales: Aeromonas sp.
  • Vibrionales: Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus
  • Thiotrichales
  • Pasteurellales: Haemophilus influenzae
  • Enterobacteriales: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Yersinia pestis, Y. enterocolitica, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella enterica, E. coli

 

Bacillales

cellular organisms - Bacteria - Firmicutes - Bacilli - Bacillales -

TransmissionImportanceDisease descriptionSelected literature
Bacillaceae - Bacillus - Bacillus anthracis
Transmitted by spores formed in substrate (i.e. soil) contaminated with diseased tissues (i.e. from corpses of infected animals ravaged by predators and scavengers); spores can stay viable for years underground in mass burial sites. Anthrax is not contagious (transmittable from human to human).High Potential For Bioengeneering; CDC Notifiable Agent; Validated Biological Weapon; Validated Biocrime Agent; NAIAD Category A Priority Pathogen; USDA High Consequence Animal Pathogen; HHS Select AgentThe infection is cutaneous in about 95% of human cases and respiratory in about 5%. Approximately 2,000 cases of cutaneous anthrax are reported annually worldwide.Beyer W et al. (Mol Aspects Med. 2009);
 
Hugh-Jones M et al. (Medicine (Mol Aspects Med. 2009);
 
"Bacillus anthracis"[title];
 
"anthrax"[title]
Bacillaceae - Bacillus - Bacillus cereus
Widespread in nature and frequently isolated from soil and growing plants; frequently contaminates food.Medicaly Important Human pathogen; Emerging Infectious Agent; Principal Foodborne Pathogen.Causes two types of food poisoning, the emetic and diarrheal syndromes, and a variety of local and systemic infections.Stenfors Arnesen LP et al. (FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2008);
 
Schoeni JL et al. (J Food Prot. 2005 Mar)
Staphylococcaceae - Staphylococcus - Staphylococcus aureus
Common hospital- and community-acquired pathogen; transmitted through contact with symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers.Principal Foodborne Pathogen; CDC Notifiable Agent; Globally Important Human Pathogen; USDA High Consequence Animal Pathogen;Causes severe fulmitant infections; bacteremia; meningitis; toxic shock syndrome, etc.Methycilin-resistant (MRSA) S. aureus at MetaPathogen
Listeriaceae - Listeria - Listeria monocytogenes
Lives in the soil as a saprophyte but is capable of making the transition into a pathogen following its ingestion by susceptible humans or animals.Zoonotic Agent; Principal Foodborne Pathogen; CDC Notifiable Agent; Globally Important Human Pathogen; NIAID Category B Priority PathogenFebrile gastroenteritis, perinatal infection, and systemic infections marked by central nervous system involvement with or without bacteremiaFreitag NE et al. (Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009);
 
Drevets DA, Bronze MS. (FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2008);
 
"Listeria monocytogenes"[title]